海南地区痛风的发病危险因素及其关节超声 表现特征

Risk Factors for Gout and Associated Joint Ultrasound Features in Hainan

摘要: 目的：分析海南地区痛风的发病危险因素及其关节超声表现特征。方法：选取2023年1月至2025年5月海南医科大学第一附属医院确诊的50例痛风性关节炎患者作为病例组，选取50名健康志愿者作为对照组。收集两组的基线资料、实验室指标(空腹血糖、总胆固醇等)，并进行超声检查，通过单因素分析、多因素Logistic回归分析确定发病危险因素，同时总结其关节超声表现特征。结果：多因素Logistic回归分析显示，高尿酸、高收缩压、高血压和饮酒是海南地区痛风性关节炎的独立危险因素；关节超声显示，病例组双轨征、滑膜增生、积液、痛风石、骨侵蚀发生率均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：海南地区高尿酸、高收缩压、高血压和饮酒者需高度关注痛风的发生，超声可清晰地显示其关节的特征性表现，有助于早期诊断。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the risk factors for gout and joint ultrasound features in Hainan. Methods: Fifty patients with gouty arthritis diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from January 2023 to May 2025 were enrolled as the case group, and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled as the control group. Baseline data and laboratory parameters (fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, etc.) were collected, and ultrasound examinations were performed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors, and joint ultrasound features were summarized. Results: Multivariate logistic regression revealed that high serum uric acid, elevated systolic blood pressure, hypertension, and alcohol consumption were independent risk factors for gouty arthritis in Hainan. Joint ultrasound showed that the incidence of double contour sign, synovial hyperplasia, joint effusion, tophi, and bone erosion was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Individuals in Hainan with hyperuricemia, elevated systolic blood pressure, hypertension, and alcohol consumption should be vigilant for the development of gout. Ultrasound can clearly demonstrate characteristic joint features, aiding in early diagnosis.