秦岭山区生态清洁小流域建设成熟度评价——以商南县试马河小流域为例

Maturity Evaluation of Ecological Clean Small Watershed Construction in the Qinling Mountain Area—A Case Study of the Shima River Small Watershed in Shangnan County

摘要: 为了了解生态清洁小流域建设发展的阶段特征，基于成熟度模型的阶段化诊断思想，构建生态基底稳固度、产业融合深度、利益联结紧密度、治理与政策适配度4个维度14项二级指标的成熟度指标体系，采用AHP-模糊综合评价法结合专家群组判断，对秦岭山区以茶旅融合为典型特征的试马河生态清洁小流域建设现状进行评估。结果表明：试马河小流域建设成熟度综合得分为87.9分，评价等级为良好；权重及隶属度联合诊断显示，在生态底线已稳固的前提下，当前短板集中体现为产业链延伸不足、全季候产品不完善及利益联结机制稳定性偏弱三个方面。研究结果可为秦岭山区同类茶旅型生态清洁小流域从达标示范向深度融合跃迁提供诊断依据。

Abstract: To identify the phased characteristics of ecological clean small watershed development, a maturity index system with 14 secondary indicators across four dimensions (ecological base stability, industrial integration depth, interest connection tightness, and governance-policy adaptability) was constructed based on the phased diagnosis concept of the maturity model. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method combined with expert group judgment was employed to assess the current construction status of the Shima River ecological clean small watershed, a typical tea-tourism integration project in the Qinling Mountains. The results showed that the comprehensive maturity score of Shima River small watershed construction was 87.9 points, with an evaluation grade of “good”. The joint diagnosis based on weight and membership degree revealed that, on the premise that the ecological bottom line had been stabilized, current shortcomings were concentrated in three aspects: insufficient extension of the industrial chain, imperfect all-season products, and weak stability of the interest connection mechanism. The findings provide a diagnostic reference for similar tea-tourism integrated ecological clean small watersheds in the Qinling Mountains to transition from compliance demonstration to in-depth integration.