培养高中生数学运算能力的教学策略研究

A Study on Teaching Strategies for Developing Mathematical Computation Skills in Secondary School Students

摘要: 数学运算是学生解决数学问题的基础途径和关键能力，有助于学生对抽象数学概念的深化理解与逻辑构建。通过对高中生数学能力现状展开调研，发现在高中数学教与学中的四个主要问题：知识技能基础薄弱；思维方法僵化单一；学习习惯规范缺失；实践操作应用脱节。在此基础上，提出了四条旨在培养高中生数学运算能力的策略：基于针对性原则强化练习巩固知识策略；基于系统性原则进行多元引导拓展思维策略；基于反馈性原则进行规范引导养成习惯策略；基于分层原则因材施教进行分层教学策略。

Abstract: Mathematical operations serve as a fundamental approach and a pivotal competency for students in solving mathematical problems, playing a crucial role in deepening their understanding of abstract mathematical concepts and facilitating logical construction. Through an investigation into the current status of high school students’ mathematical proficiency, four major issues in mathematics teaching and learning were identified: weak foundations in knowledge and skills; rigid and monolithic thinking methods; a lack of standardized learning habits; and a disconnect between practical application and theoretical knowledge. In response to these challenges, this paper proposes four strategies aimed at cultivating high school students’ mathematical operational competence: a strategy of reinforcing practice and consolidating knowledge based on the principle of targetedness; a strategy of diversifying guidance and expanding thinking based on the principle of systematicity; a strategy of standardizing guidance and fostering habits based on the principle of feedback; and a strategy of implementing differentiated instruction based on the principle of stratification.