第一性原理思维在精细化学品化学课程教学中的应用思考

Reflections on Integrating “First-Principles Thinking” into the Fine Chemicals Chemistry Course

摘要: 《精细化学品化学》教学中，传统模式易导致学生知识碎片化、思维被动，难以适配行业创新需求，为此提出引入第一性原理思维重构教学逻辑。该思维以回归化学本质、拆解核心问题为导向，有望破解知识零散难题，衔接原理与实践，激活学生创新能力。以染料教学为例，通过问题导入、原理拆解、计算实践、实验验证、认知升级的教学过程实施，构建“结构–性质–功能”的本质关联。尽管应用面临教师跨学科能力不足、学生基础薄弱、教学工具缺失等挑战，但该思维能实现教学从知识覆盖到能力提升的转型，为精细化工领域培养具备底层逻辑与创新素养的复合型人才，也为同类课程教学改革提供参考。

Abstract: In the teaching of Fine Chemicals Chemistry, traditional models tend to result in fragmented knowledge and passive thinking among students, making it difficult to meet the innovative needs of the industry. To address this, it is proposed to introduce “first-principles thinking” to reconstruct the teaching logic. Guided by returning to the essence of chemistry and decomposing core problems, this thinking is expected to solve the problem of scattered knowledge, connect principles with practice, and activate students’ innovative abilities. Taking dye teaching as an example, the essential connection between “structure-property-function” is established through the implementation of a teaching process consisting of problem introduction, principle decomposition, computational practice, experimental verification, and cognitive upgrading. Although its application faces challenges such as insufficient interdisciplinary capabilities of teachers, weak foundational knowledge of students, and a lack of teaching tools, first-principles thinking can realize the transformation of teaching from knowledge coverage to ability improvement. It cultivates interdisciplinary talents with underlying logic and innovative literacy for the fine chemical industry, and also provides a reference for the teaching reform of similar courses.