重庆老年教育供给的区域差异及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Regional Differences and Influencing Factors of Elderly Education Supply in Chongqing

摘要: 扩大老年教育资源供给是重庆“十五五”时期积极应对人口老龄化的重要任务，但老年教育供给的区域差异及其形成机制尚缺乏实证解释。本研究以重庆38个区县为单元，分析了老年教育供给的区域差异及其影响因素。研究发现：老年教育供给的空间分布不均，差异主要源于主城都市区内部，其次为渝东北三峡库区城镇群；第三产业占比和城镇化率与机构密度呈显著正相关，且影响强度随供给水平上升而增大；老年人口密度与机构密度呈负相关，且仅在机构密度中等水平区县显著。建议：政策干预应聚焦主城都市区内部的渝西和渝东新城，兼顾渝东北三峡库区城镇群，分区域分类施策，并建立基于老年人口密度的资源配置机制。

Abstract: Expanding the supply of elderly education resources is an important task for Chongqing in actively addressing population aging during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. However, the regional differences in the supply of elderly education and its formation mechanism lack empirical explanation. This study analyzes the regional differences in the supply of elderly education and its influencing factors in 38 districts and counties of Chongqing. The study finds that the spatial distribution of elderly education supply is uneven, with the differences mainly originating within the City Proper of Chongqing, followed by Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Northeast Chongqing. The proportion of the tertiary industry and the urbanization rate are significantly positively correlated with institutional density, and the intensity of this correlation increases with the level of supply. The density of the elderly population is negatively correlated with institutional density, and this correlation is significant only in districts and counties with moderate institutional density. Recommendations: Policy intervention should focus on the Western of Chongqing and the Eastern of Chongqing within the City Proper of Chongqing, while also considering Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Northeast Chongqing, implementing differentiated policies based on regional characteristics, and establishing a resource allocation mechanism based on the density of the elderly population.