聚合物改性轻骨料混凝土的研究综述
Research Review of Polymer-Modified Lightweight Aggregate Concrete
DOI: 10.12677/hjce.2026.156160, PDF,   
作者: 朱芯莹, 孙洪军：辽宁工业大学土木建筑工程学院，辽宁 锦州
关键词: 聚合物；轻骨料混凝土；混凝土改性；Polymer； Lightweight Aggregate Concrete； Concrete Modification
摘要: 轻骨料混凝土具备轻质、保温、抗震等优势，是现代土木工程绿色低碳发展的重要材料，但其多孔轻骨料带来的高吸水性、界面薄弱等问题，制约了结构耐久性提升。聚合物改性技术在适宜配比条件下可通过成膜填充、界面强化与网络互穿作用，优化混凝土微观结构，改善力学与耐久性能。本文系统梳理轻骨料混凝土的结构特征与耐久性之间的关联，总结矿物掺合料、纤维增强、工艺优化等传统改性方法，重点阐述聚合物改性轻骨料混凝土的作用机理、材料类型及国内外研究进展，剖析当前在适配性、多尺度机理、长期服役性能、工程化与标准化等方面的不足，并从体系优化、机理表征、寿命预测、绿色材料、工程应用与数字化设计等方向提出未来研究重点，为聚合物改性轻骨料混凝土的理论研究与工程应用提供参考。
Abstract: Lightweight aggregate concrete (LWC) is a vital material for the green and low-carbon development of modern civil engineering due to its advantages of light weight, thermal insulation and seismic resistance. However, the high water absorption and weak interface caused by porous lightweight aggregates restrict the improvement of structural durability. Under appropriate mix proportions, polymer modification technology can optimize the microstructure of concrete and enhance mechanical and durability properties through film forming, interface strengthening and network interpenetration. This paper systematically reviews the relationship between structural characteristics and durability of LWC, and summarizes traditional modification methods such as mineral admixture, fiber reinforcement and process optimization. It focuses on the mechanism, material types and research progress of polymer-modified lightweight aggregate concrete at home and abroad, analyzes the deficiencies in current adaptability, multi-scale mechanism, long-term service performance, engineering application and standardization. Furthermore, future research priorities are proposed from the aspects of system optimization, mechanism characterization, service life prediction, green materials, engineering application and digital design, providing references for theoretical research and engineering application of polymer-modified lightweight aggregate concrete.
文章引用：朱芯莹, 孙洪军. 聚合物改性轻骨料混凝土的研究综述[J]. 土木工程, 2026, 15(6): 102-109. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2026.156160

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