追寻“传声”的脚步：将声速测量历史融入大学物理实验的教学设计

Tracing the Steps of “Sound Transmission”: Integrating the History of Sound Velocity Measurement into the Teaching Design of University Physics Experiments

摘要: 声速的测量是大学物理实验课程中经典的实验项目。传统实验教学方式存在重操作、轻思想的问题，导致学生对实验方法背后的科学逻辑理解不足。本论文以声速测量发展史的教育价值为出发点，提出将物理学史融入声速测量实验教学设计方案中。通过课前物理学史引导，课堂溯源分析和课后拓展三个环节进行展开，在保证学生能够掌握测量技能的同时，能够领会“转换测量”的核心物理思想，感悟科学家追求精确的科学精神，实现知识传授与价值引领的统一。为验证此教学设计方法的有效性，本论文针对性地提出了实验研究的评估方案，设置实验组和对照组进行对比，进行数据采集，并进一步分析，为后续教学实践提供实证基础。

Abstract: The measurement of sound velocity is a classic experiment in university physics laboratory courses. Traditional experimental teaching tends to emphasize operational procedures while neglecting the underlying scientific reasoning, leading to students’ insufficient understanding of the scientific logic behind experimental methods. This paper starts from the educational value of the history of sound velocity measurement and proposes integrating the history of physics into the teaching design of the sound velocity measurement experiment. The proposed approach consists of three stages: pre-class guidance on the history of physics, in-class traceability analysis, and post-class expansion. While ensuring that students master measurement skills, this design enables them to grasp the core physical idea of “conversion measurement,” appreciate the scientific spirit of pursuing precision demonstrated by scientists, and achieve the integration of knowledge transmission and value education. To verify the effectiveness of this teaching design, this paper proposes an experimental evaluation plan, which includes setting up experimental and control groups for comparison, data collection, and further analysis, thereby providing an empirical basis for subsequent teaching practice.