Y型硅酮支架治疗结核性支气管狭窄

Y-Shaped Silicone Stenting for Tuberculous Airway Stenosis

摘要: 结核性支气管狭窄是支气管结核常见严重并发症，易引发不可逆气道阻塞甚至呼吸衰竭，传统外科手术创伤大，气道支架置入已成为重要治疗方式，但对于支架的最佳留置时长尚无统一标准。本文报道1例26岁女性结核性支气管狭窄患者，置入Y型硅酮支架后在长达30个月的随访过程中维持了气道稳定，并且无支架相关并发症。该病例证实Y型硅酮支架用于结核性支气管狭窄安全有效，可快速解除气道梗阻、长期维持气道通畅，为临床优化该病个体化介入治疗策略提供了参考依据。

Abstract: Tuberculous bronchial stenosis is a common and serious complication of bronchial tuberculosis that may lead to irreversible airway obstruction and even respiratory failure. Conventional surgical treatment is often associated with substantial trauma, making airway stent implantation an important alternative therapeutic strategy. However, the optimal duration of stent indwelling remains controversial, and no consensus has yet been established. Herein, we report the case of a 26-year-old woman with tuberculous bronchial stenosis who maintained stable airway patency throughout a 30-month follow-up period after implantation of a Y-shaped silicone stent, without any stent-related complications. This case demonstrates that Y-shaped silicone stents are a safe and effective treatment option for tuberculous bronchial stenosis, capable of rapidly relieving airway obstruction while maintaining long-term airway patency. Our findings may provide valuable clinical evidence for optimizing individualized interventional management strategies for this condition.