针灸治疗卒中后偏身感觉障碍的临床研究进展

Clinical Research Progress of Acupuncture in Treating Hemisensory Disturbance after Stroke

摘要: 卒中后偏身感觉障碍是脑血管疾病常见后遗症之一，严重影响患者生活质量和功能恢复。本文综述近年来针灸治疗卒中后偏身感觉障碍的临床研究进展，重点按不同针灸技术类型(体针、头针、电针等)整合其临床疗效、安全性及神经生理机制。研究表明，针灸主要通过促进神经可塑性、神经元再生及改善脑血流等途径发挥作用，其中体针配合头针联合治疗效果最佳，总有效率超过80%。然而，现有研究存在样本量小、评价标准不一、机制研究不深入等问题。未来需开展大规模多中心研究，统一治疗方案与评价标准，并深入探索针灸的分子机制，为其在神经康复中的应用提供更充分的证据。

Abstract: Post-stroke hemisensory disturbance is one of the common sequelae of cerebrovascular diseases, which seriously affects patients’ quality of life and functional recovery. This paper reviews the research progress of acupuncture in the treatment of post-stroke hemisensory disturbance in recent years, and discusses the mechanism of action, clinical efficacy and current research status of acupuncture for this condition. Acupuncture exerts its therapeutic effects on post-stroke hemisensory disturbance mainly by promoting neuroplasticity, facilitating neuronal regeneration, and improving cerebral blood flow. Clinically, different acupuncture therapies including body acupuncture, scalp acupuncture and electroacupuncture can all improve patients’ sensory function, and the combined application of body acupuncture plus scalp acupuncture achieves the optimal therapeutic effect. A large number of randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that the sensory function score and activities of daily living score in the acupuncture group are significantly higher than those in the control group, with an overall effective rate exceeding 80%. Acupuncture therapy features safety, few side effects and convenient operation, and has been widely applied in the rehabilitation of post-stroke hemisensory disturbance. Nevertheless, current studies still have limitations such as small sample sizes, inconsistent evaluation criteria, and insufficient in-depth research on the mechanism of action. Future research should conduct large-sample and multicenter trials, formulate standardized treatment protocols and efficacy evaluation criteria, and further explore the molecular mechanism of acupuncture intervention. These efforts will provide more solid evidence for acupuncture in the treatment of post-stroke hemisensory disturbance and promote the better application of acupuncture in the field of neurological rehabilitation.