新工科背景下科研实验室作为本科生科技创新“孵化器”的建设与实践研究

Research on the Construction and Practice of Scientific Research Laboratories as “Incubators” for Undergraduates’ Scientific and Technological Innovation under the Background of Emerging Engineering Education

摘要: 在新工科建设持续深化与国家大力推进科教融汇、产教融合的战略背景下，应用型本科院校作为区域产业复合型工程技术人才培养的主要依托，面临着科研资源与本科育人体系脱节、本科生科技创新能力培养碎片化、高端实验设备利用效能与人才培养价值不匹配等现实困境。科研实验室作为高校学科建设、科研创新与人才培养的重要载体，其育人功能的重塑与释放，成为破解应用型高校新工科人才培养痛点的切入点。文章以新工科人才培养的核心要求为导向，界定了科研实验室作为本科生科技创新“孵化器”的核心内涵与建设逻辑，系统剖析了当前应用型本科院校科研实验室在本科育人环节中的现实困境，从课程体系与科研资源双向融合、阶梯式全周期孵化机制构建、多元协同保障体系完善、数字化管理平台搭建四个维度，探索了科研实验室科技创新“孵化器”的建设路径，并结合实践探索总结了应用成效与推广价值，以期为应用型本科院校新工科背景下科教融汇育人模式的创新提供参考与借鉴。

Abstract: Under the strategic background of the continuous deepening of emerging engineering education construction and the national vigorous promotion of the integration of industry and education, as well as the integration of science and education, application-oriented undergraduate colleges, as the core position for the cultivation of compound engineering and technical talents for regional industrial upgrading, are facing practical dilemmas such as the disconnection between scientific research resources and undergraduate education system, the fragmented cultivation of undergraduates’ scientific and technological innovation ability, and the mismatch between the utilization efficiency of high-end experimental equipment and the value of talent training. As an important carrier of discipline construction, scientific research innovation and talent training in colleges and universities, the reshaping and releasing of the educational function of scientific research laboratories has become a key starting point to solve the pain points of emerging engineering talent training in application-oriented colleges. Guided by the core requirements of emerging engineering talent training, this paper defines the core connotation and construction logic of scientific research laboratories as “incubators” for undergraduates’ scientific and technological innovation, systematically analyzes the practical dilemmas of scientific research laboratories in application-oriented undergraduate colleges in the undergraduate education link, explores the construction path of the scientific and technological innovation “incubator” of scientific research laboratories from four dimensions: the two-way integration of curriculum system and scientific research resources, the construction of a step-by-step full-cycle incubation mechanism, the improvement of a multi-collaborative guarantee system, and the construction of a digital management platform. Combined with practical exploration, it summarizes the application effect and promotion value, in order to provide reference for the innovation of the education mode of the integration of science and education under the background of emerging engineering education in application-oriented undergraduate colleges.