功能化COFs材料在水处理中的应用研究进展
Research Progress on the Application of Functionalized COFs Materials in Water Treatment
摘要: 随着工业化进程的加快，水体污染问题日趋严峻，废水中的有毒有害污染物严重威胁着生态环境，亟需开发高效、稳定的水处理功能材料。共价有机框架(Covalent Organic Frameworks, COFs)材料是一类晶态多孔有机聚合物，具有高比表面积、规整可调的孔道结构、优异的结构可设计性及化学稳定性，可通过吸附、催化等路径高效去除水中的污染物。但COFs材料的活性位点不足、水相适配性较差、对污染物靶向去除能力弱，故通过功能化改性可优化其性能、突破应用瓶颈。本文总结了几种不同键型COFs的结构特征，归纳了预合成修饰、合成后修饰、构筑COF基复合材料三类功能化改性策略。最后，综述了功能化COFs材料作为吸附剂、催化剂在水处理中的应用，剖析了其实际应用的核心问题与未来发展方向，旨在为COFs材料在水处理领域的应用研究提供学术参考。
Abstract: With the acceleration of industrialization, water pollution problems have become increasingly severe. Toxic and harmful pollutants in wastewater seriously threaten the ecological environment, urgently necessitating the development of efficient and stable water treatment functional materials. Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers featuring high specific surface area, regular and tunable pore structures, excellent structural designability, and chemical stability. COFs can efficiently remove pollutants from water through adsorption and catalytic pathways. Nevertheless, COFs materials are limited by insufficient active sites, poor water phase adaptability, and weak targeted removal ability for pollutants. Functionalization modification thus offers a pathway to enhance their performance and break through application barriers. This review summarizes the structural features of COFs with different bonding types, categorizes three functionalization strategies including pre-synthesis functionalization, post-synthesis modification, and COF-based composite construction, and comprehensively summarizes the applications of functionalized COFs as adsorbents and catalysts in water treatment. Furthermore, core challenges in practical applications and future development trends are analyzed, with the aim of providing academic reference for COFs applications in water treatment.
文章引用：钟茜, 温瑞, 易欢, 杨美玲, 蒋松山. 功能化COFs材料在水处理中的应用研究进展[J]. 材料科学, 2026, 16(6): 116-130. https://doi.org/10.12677/ms.2026.166144

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