智慧养老背景下老年人数字鸿沟问题及弥合路径研究

Research on the Digital Divide of the Elderly and the Bridging Paths under the Background of Smart Elderly Care

摘要: 在智慧养老成为养老服务发展核心趋势的背景下，数字技术深度融入养老服务体系，但老年群体面临的数字鸿沟问题日益凸显，严重制约智慧养老服务的普惠性与效能。本文基于数字鸿沟理论与积极老龄化视角，系统剖析智慧养老场景下老年人数字鸿沟的接入鸿沟、使用鸿沟、知识鸿沟、权益鸿沟四重表现形态，从个体生理心理、家庭代际、技术供给、政策制度、社会文化五大维度深入探究其成因。研究发现，老年人数字素养不足、智能产品适老化缺失、公共服务数字化机械单一、数字支持体系不完善是主要诱因。据此，从政府政策兜底、技术适老化革新、家庭社区协同、老年数字赋能、社会数字包容五大层面构建系统性弥合路径，旨在推动老年群体共享智慧养老红利，助力积极老龄化与健康中国战略实施。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of smart elderly care becoming the core trend in the development of elderly care services, digital technology has deeply integrated into the elderly care service system. However, the issue of the digital divide faced by the elderly population has become increasingly prominent, severely restricting the universality and effectiveness of smart elderly care services. Based on the theories of the digital divide and the perspective of active aging, this paper systematically analyzes the four manifestations of the digital divide among the elderly in smart elderly care scenarios: access divide, usage divide, knowledge divide, and rights divide. It explores the causes in depth from five dimensions: individual physiological and psychological factors, intergenerational family factors, technology provision, policy and institutional factors, and social and cultural factors. The study finds that the main causes are insufficient digital literacy among the elderly, lack of age-appropriate intelligent products, mechanistic and homogeneous digital transformation of public services, and an imperfect digital support system. Accordingly, systematic solutions are proposed from five levels: government policy support, technological innovation for age-friendliness, family and community collaboration, digital empowerment of the elderly, and social digital inclusion, aiming to promote the elderly to share the benefits of smart elderly care and support the implementation of active aging and the Healthy China strategy.