ASME Ⅷ-2中弹性及弹塑性屈曲分析简要解析

Brief Analysis of Elastic and Elastic-Plastic Buckling Analysis in ASME VIII-2

摘要: 23版ASME VIII-2在5.4篇防止屈曲引起的垮塌进行了重写，对弹性分析法及弹塑性分析法进行了优化，针对承受外压的球壳、成形封头、圆筒体及锥壳，规范提出了两种数值分析方法，法A——基于线弹性理论的“五步弹性分析程序”，法B——考虑几何缺陷的弹塑性屈曲分析方法。本文通过Ansys有限元软件对23版——法A、法B与21版屈曲分析——类型1、类型3以碟形封头为例进行了差异对比，阐述了其简要的分析步骤及合格准则，旨在为工程设计人员理解新标准提供参考。

Abstract: The 2023 edition of ASME VIII-2 has rewritten Article 5.4 on preventing buckling-induced collapse, and optimized the elastic analysis method and elastic-plastic analysis method. For shells under external pressure, formed heads, cylinders and cones, the code proposes two numerical analysis methods: Method A—a five-step elastic analysis procedure based on linear elastic theory, and Method B—an elastic-plastic buckling analysis method considering geometric imperfections. This paper compares the differences between the 2023 Edition (Method A, Method B) and the 2021 Edition (Buckling Analysis—Type 1, Type 3) for dished heads using Ansys finite element software. It outlines the brief analysis procedures and acceptance criteria, aiming to provide references for engineering designers to understand the new standards.