大学生抑郁症状、心理和谐与社会支持网络及性别差异

Depressive Symptoms, Psychological Harmony, Perceived Social Support Networks and Gender Differences among College Students

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在通过网络分析探讨大学生抑郁核心症状、心理和谐、领悟社会支持之间的关联及其性别差异。方法：采用PHQ-9量表、大学生心理和谐量表、领悟社会支持量表对17,136名大学生进行问卷调查，分别评估抑郁症状、心理和谐和领悟社会支持水平。基于R 4.2.2进行网络估计、中心性、桥梁中心性、稳定性及网络比较分析。结果：(1) 抑郁症状网络以正相关联结为主导(96.43%)，核心症状为疲倦无力(P4)、自我否定(P6)及心情低落(P2)；(2) 心理和谐与领悟社会支持的部分条目在网络中具有较高中心性或桥梁中心性，提示其可能是连接抑郁症状与积极心理资源的重要关联节点；(3) 男女性别在抑郁核心症状–心理和谐–领悟社会支持网络的整体连接强度上无显著差异，但网络结构和部分连接方式存在差异。结论：本研究从网络分析视角揭示了大学生抑郁症状、心理和谐与领悟社会支持之间的关联模式，可为后续提出性别差异化的干预假设提供依据。但由于研究为横断面设计，相关结果不能直接用于因果推断，潜在干预靶点仍需未来纵向或实验研究进一步验证。

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to explore the associations among core depressive symptoms, psychological harmony, and perceived social support in college students, as well as gender differences, using network analysis. Methods: A total of 17,136 college students were assessed using the PHQ-9, Psychological Harmony Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Network estimation, centrality analysis, bridge centrality analysis, stability testing, and network comparison were conducted with R 4.2.2. Results: (1) The depressive symptom network was dominated by positive correlations (96.43%), with core symptoms including fatigue (P4), self-deprecation (P6), and depressed mood (P2); (2) Several items of psychological harmony and perceived social support showed relatively high centrality or bridge centrality in the network, suggesting that they may be important associated nodes linking depressive symptoms and positive psychological resources; (3) No significant gender difference was found in overall network strength, whereas network structure and some specific connections differed by gender. Conclusion: This study revealed the association patterns among depressive symptoms, psychological harmony, and perceived social support in college students from a network perspective. The findings may inform future hypotheses regarding gender-sensitive intervention targets. However, due to the cross-sectional design, causal interpretations should be made with caution, and the potential intervention value of these targets needs to be further examined in longitudinal or experimental studies.