实际家庭亲密度与适应性对大学生传统婚恋观的影响：依恋焦虑的遮掩效应及性别的调节

Actual Family Cohesion and Adaptability and Traditional Views on Love and Marriage among College Students: The Suppressing Effect of Attachment Anxiety and Gender Differences

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在探讨实际家庭亲密度与适应性对大学生传统婚恋观的影响，并检验依恋焦虑在其中的遮掩效应(suppressing effect)以及性别的调节作用。方法：采用家庭亲密度和适应性量表、亲密关系经历量表及大学生婚恋观问卷，通过对482名大学生进行问卷调查。结果：(1) 实际家庭亲密度与适应性均能正向预测大学生传统婚恋观；(2) 依恋焦虑在实际家庭亲密度/适应性与传统婚恋观之间起遮掩效应，即实际家庭亲密度与适应性通过负向影响依恋焦虑，间接削弱了大学生的传统婚恋观；(3) 性别调节了依恋焦虑与传统婚恋观的关系，相较于男生，女生的依恋焦虑对其传统婚恋观的正向预测作用更为显著，且遮掩型有调节的中介效应仅存在于女生群体中。结论：家庭功能通过两条路径影响婚恋观：一是直接的代际传递，强化传统观念；二是通过降低依恋焦虑，间接促进现代观念的形成，且该心理机制存在显著的性别差异。

Abstract: To explore the influence of actual family cohesion and adaptability on college students’ views on love and marriage, and to examine the suppressing effect of attachment anxiety as well as the moderating role of gender. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 482 college students using the Family Cohesion and Adaptability Scale, the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, and the College Students’ Views on Love and Marriage Questionnaire. The results showed that: (1) Actual family cohesion and Actual family adaptability each positively predicted traditional marriage and love attitudes among college students. (2) Attachment anxiety served as a suppressor in these relationships. Actual Family Cohesion and Adaptability were negatively associated with attachment anxiety, thereby indirectly weakening traditional attitudes. (3) Gender moderated the link between attachment anxiety and traditional marriage and love attitudes; the positive prediction was stronger in females. The suppressive moderated mediation effect was significant only in the female subgroup. Family functioning not only directly reinforces the intergenerational transmission of traditional views on marriage and love, but also promotes the formation of more modern and open attitudes by reducing attachment anxiety. Furthermore, this psychological mechanism exhibits significant gender differences.