游戏化认知测评的理论建构、全球经验与中国探索

Game-Based Cognitive Assessment: Theoretical Construction, Global Evidence and Chinese Exploration

摘要: 游戏化测评通过将游戏机制融入评估过程，为破解传统测评参与度低、情境真实性不足等局限提供了新路径。本文系统梳理了该领域的理论演进、全球实证与中国本土实践。证据中心设计为游戏化测评的科学化开发提供了方法论框架，自我决定理论解释了其用户中心优势。全球实证研究表明，游戏化测评与传统认知测验呈中等程度相关，在用户投入、焦虑缓解与评估公平性方面具有优势，但其效度受游戏设计品质多重调节。中国本土研究已从理论译介走向初步工具研发，但仍面临常模缺失与跨文化效度证据不足的瓶颈。未来需着力构建标准化常模体系，发展AI驱动的自适应测评系统，并深化非认知能力的游戏化测量探索。

Abstract: Game-based assessment, by integrating game mechanics into evaluation processes, offers a novel approach to overcoming the limitations of traditional assessment, such as low participant engagement and insufficient ecological validity. This paper systematically reviews the theoretical evolution, global empirical evidence, and Chinese indigenous practices in this field. Evidence-centered design provides the methodological framework for the scientific development of game-based assessment, while self-determination theory explains its user-centered advantages. Global empirical studies indicate a moderate correlation between game-based and traditional cognitive tests, with game-based approaches demonstrating advantages in user engagement, test anxiety reduction, and assessment fairness, though their validity is moderated by game design quality. Chinese indigenous research has progressed from theoretical introduction to initial tool development, yet still faces bottlenecks including the absence of standardized norms and insufficient cross-cultural validity evidence. Future efforts should focus on constructing standardized norm systems, developing AI-driven adaptive assessment systems, and deepening the exploration of game-based measurement of non-cognitive abilities.