中国海海浪波周期季节特征的精细化模拟分析

Meticulous Simulation of Seasonal Characteristics of the China Sea Wave Period

摘要: 海浪波周期是波浪能资源开发、舰船航行安全等重点关注的要素之一，也是目前海浪研究的瓶颈。由于资料稀缺的限制，针对海浪波周期的研究可谓凤毛麟角。本文以CCMP风场驱动目前国际先进的第三代海浪数值模式WW3 (WAVEWATCH-III)，模拟得到首份覆盖整个中国海、长时间序列、高时空分辨率、高精度的海浪场数据，首次实现了中国海海浪波周期季节特征的精细化研究，期望可以为“海之梦”、“中国梦”尽绵薄之力。研究结果表明中国海的海浪波周期存在较大的季节性、区域性差异，且与季风存在密切的关系：1) 中国海的波周期在1月和10月整体大于4月和7月。渤海的波周期在各个季节都小于其余海域。1月、4月和10月，海浪波周期的大值区主要分布在25˚N以南，而7月主要分布于15˚N以北。2) 从年平均海浪波周期的分布特征来看，南中国海大部分海域、东海大部分海域以及菲律宾以东近海的年平均波周期明显大于其余海域，高值中心分布于南海北部海域。3) 在季风期间(包含冬季风和夏季风)，季风影响明显的区域波周期较小，而其余海域的波周期则偏高。

Abstract: The wave period is close to the development of wave energy resource, navigation, ocean engineering, prevents and reduces sea wave calamity, and so on. In this study, the first China Sea wave data were obtained, using WW3 wave model forced by CCMP (Cross-Calibrated, Multi-Platform) wind field. Then the seasonal characteristics of the China Sea wave period were analyzed. Results showed that, 1) Wave period in January and October was greater than that in April and July. Wave period in the Bohai Sea was smaller than that in other waters all year round. In January, April and October, large area of wave period was mainly located in the south of 25˚N, while in the north of 15˚N in July. 2) From annual average wave period, values in the South China Sea, East Sea, and east of Philippine was greater than that in other waters. 3) During the period of monsoon, wave period in the area affected by the monsoon was larger than in the area not affected by the monsoon.