“杀青”词义演变考察及对语文类辞书的释义指瑕

An Investigation into the Semantic Evolution of “Shāqīng” and a Critique of Its Definitions in Chinese Language Dictionaries

摘要: “杀青”一词源于古法制简工艺，后引申为著作定稿。在当代语言生活中，该词在影视领域使用频率极高，但目前许多语文词典尚未将其单列，而是把影视义项(“影视杀青”)隐含在“著作定稿”这一义项中。本文基于CCL与BCC语料库，结合文献考证，梳理了“杀青”从“制简/制茶工艺”到“著书定稿”再到“影视拍摄结束”的语义演变脉络。影视领域使用的义项在语义逻辑、句法搭配及语用色彩上均已脱离原有的“著书”义，且在现代汉语用例中占比高达63%，已成为优势义项。基于此，本文建议区分辞书类型，对于大中型通用语文词典应增补“影视拍摄结束”为独立义项，而对于小型或基础性语文辞书，可考虑以“特指影视作品完成前期拍摄”的形式补充，或仍暂作隐含处理，但需加注说明其高频用法。

Abstract: The term “shaqing” (杀青) originally referred to a process in ancient bamboo-slip fabrication and later extended to mean the finalization of a written work. In contemporary language use, it appears frequently in the film and television industry. However, many Chinese dictionaries have yet to list this cinematic sense as a separate entry, instead subsuming it under the meaning “finalization of a manuscript”. Based on data from the CCL and BCC corpora, combined with philological research, this study traces the semantic evolution of shaqing from “bamboo-slip/tea processing” to “manuscript finalization” and then to “completion of filming”. The cinematic sense has diverged from the original “manuscript” meaning in terms of semantic logic, syntactic patterns, and pragmatic connotations. Moreover, accounting for 63% of its occurrences in modern Chinese texts, it has become the dominant sense. Accordingly, this paper proposes a dictionary-type distinction: for medium-sized and large general-purpose Chinese dictionaries, “completion of filming” should be added as an independent sense; for small or basic dictionaries, it may be implicitly covered under the existing sense, but with a note indicating its high-frequency usage in the film and television context.