“师–生–机”协同教学模式探索——以程序设计课程实践为例

Exploration of the “Teacher-Student-Machine” Collaborative Teaching Model—A Case Study of Practical Teaching in Programming Courses

摘要: 在数智时代，程序设计课程的价值远不止于代码，而是以“计算思维”为内核，以“人机协同”为基本范式，重在培养学生分析问题、设计解决方案并驾驭AI工具实现自动化求解的能力。因此，传统“师–生”二元交互的教学模式已不适用于当前程序设计课程教学目标。本文针对当前教学过程中存在的大班授课与个性化需求的矛盾、传统教学内容与时代发展的脱节、考核方式与综合能力评价的错位等突出问题，提出“师–生–机”三元协同教学模式，以“教师引领、学生为主、机器协作”为优化逻辑，重塑三者在基础教学过程中的定位与关系，并在程序设计课程中进行了系统实践与验证，也为其他课程的数智化转型提供参考。

Abstract: In the age of digital intelligence, the value of programming courses extends far beyond coding. With computational thinking as the core and human-machine collaboration as the basic paradigm, it focuses on cultivating students’ abilities to analyze problems, design solutions, and leverage AI tools to realize automated problem-solving. Therefore, the traditional “teacher-student” binary interactive teaching model is no longer applicable to the current teaching objectives of programming courses. To address prominent problems in current teaching—the conflict between large-class instruction and personalized learning needs, the disconnect between traditional teaching content and contemporary developments, and the misalignment between assessment methods and comprehensive ability evaluation—this paper proposes a “teacher-student-machine” ternary collaborative teaching model. Under the guiding principle of “teacher-led, student-centered, machine-assisted”, this model reshapes the roles and interactions of the three participants in regular teaching activities. It has been systematically practiced and validated in programming courses, offering references for the digital and intelligent transformation of other courses.