网络药理学视角下多酚抑制黑色素生成的作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Polyphenols in Inhibiting Melanogenesis: A Network Pharmacology Perspective

摘要: 黑色素生成失调是导致皮肤色素沉着性疾病的主要原因，寻找安全有效的天然黑色素生成抑制剂已成为研究热点。多酚类化合物作为植物来源的天然活性成分，在抑制黑色素生成方面展现出显著潜力。网络药理学作为一种从整体角度揭示药物多成分、多靶点、多通路协同作用机制的研究方法，为阐释多酚干预黑色素生成的复杂机制提供了新的视角。本文在系统梳理黑色素生成调控机制的基础上，综述了网络药理学在多种多酚类化合物(黄酮类、芪类、鞣花酸类、儿茶素类等)抑制黑色素生成研究中的应用进展，重点分析了多酚干预黑色素生成的核心靶点与关键信号通路，并总结了“网络药理学预测 + 实验验证”的研究模式，以期为多酚类天然黑色素生成抑制剂的研究与开发提供参考。

Abstract: Dysregulation of melanin production is the main cause of skin pigmentation disorders. Consequently, the discovery of safe and effective natural melanogenesis inhibitors has emerged as a prominent research focus. As naturally active ingredients derived from plants, polyphenolic compounds demonstrate remarkable potential in inhibiting melanogenesis. Network pharmacology, a research method that reveals the synergistic mechanism of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway of drugs from an overall perspective, provides new insights into the complex mechanism of polyphenols in intervening melanin production. Based on a systematic review of the regulatory mechanism of melanin production, this article summarizes the application progress of network pharmacology in the study of melanin production inhibition by various polyphenolic compounds (flavonoids, stilbenes, ellagic acid, catechins, etc.). Specifically, it focuses on analyzing the core targets and key signaling pathways of polyphenols in interfering with melanin production, and summarizes the research model of “network pharmacology prediction coupled with experimental verification”, with the aim of providing a reference for the research and development of natural polyphenolic melanin production inhibitors.