艺术视角下小组工作提升困境儿童心理支持的路径

The Path of Group Work to Improve Psychological Support for Children in Difficulties from an Art Perspective

摘要: 随着城镇化进程的不断加快，农村困境儿童由于家庭关爱缺失、情感支持欠缺等状况，处于心理封闭、社交存在障碍以及自我认同偏低等许多困境之中，故而成为了社会工作服务的重点群体。本篇文章将济南G街道社工站所开展的“关爱心灵，传递温暖”困境儿童支持小组作为研究对象，在质性观察与访谈的基础上，引入Achenbach儿童行为量表进行前测–后测的量化评估，并设立常规活动组作为对照，从过程评估与成效评估两个维度解析服务效果。研究发现，CBCL量表数据显示，干预组儿童的内化问题因子得分呈下降趋势，参与艺术小组的儿童在情绪表达、人际互动及自我认知方面均表现出可观察的积极变化。基于此，结合实证结果与相关学术成果，提出四大优化路径，为社会工作介入困境儿童关爱服务提供实践参考。

Abstract: With the rapid advancement of urbanization, rural children in difficulties are confronted with multiple dilemmas including psychological isolation, social barriers and low self-identity due to the lack of family care and emotional support, thus becoming a key group in social work services. Adopting a mixed-methods research design, this paper takes the “Care for the Soul, Convey Warmth” support group for children in difficulties carried out by the social work station of Subdistrict G in Jinan as the research object. On the basis of qualitative observations and interviews, the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist was employed for pretest-posttest quantitative assessment, and a routine-activity comparison group was established. The service effect is analyzed through both process and outcome evaluation. CBCL data reveal a downward trend in the internalizing problem factor scores among children in the intervention group, and the children demonstrated observable positive changes in emotional expression, interpersonal interaction, and self-identity. Accordingly, four optimized paths are proposed based on empirical results and relevant academic achievements, so as to provide practical references for social work intervention in care services for children in difficulties.