农业产业结构与农民收入增长的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Agricultural Industrial Structure and Farmers’ Income Growth

摘要: “三农”问题是关乎国计民生的根本性问题，始终是国家发展的战略重心，而农民增收则是破解“三农”这一困局的关键。在此背景下，农业产业结构优化作为乡村振兴的核心议题，对促进农民收入增长具有重要意义。文章基于2020~2024年中国农林牧渔业总产值及2022~2024年居民收入数据，探讨农业产业结构变迁对农民收入增长的影响机制。研究发现，农业总产值增长与农民收入增长存在显著正相关关系，农业产业内部结构的变化，特别是农林牧渔业的结构调整，对农民收入水平具有显著影响。农业总产值的增长与农民收入呈正相关，但不同产业部门对收入的贡献度存在差异。文章结合政策建议，提出应进一步优化农业产业结构，强化特色优势产业发展，完善农业产业链和价值链，为农民收入持续增长提供制度保障。未来，中国农业需进一步推动产业结构优化、科技创新与绿色发展，实现高质量、可持续发展。

Abstract: The “three rural issues” (agriculture, rural areas, and farmers) represent a fundamental concern for national welfare and people’s livelihoods, and have remained a strategic priority in national development. Increasing farmers’ income is the key to addressing these challenges. Against this backdrop, optimizing the agricultural industrial structure, as a central theme of the rural revitalization strategy, holds significant importance for promoting farmers’ income growth. Based on China’s total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries from 2020 to 2024, along with the total increase in residents’ income from 2022 to 2024, this study examines the impact mechanism of agricultural industrial structural changes on farmers’ income growth. The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between the growth of total agricultural output value and farmers’ income growth. Changes within the agricultural sector’s internal structure, particularly structural adjustments in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries, significantly influence farmer income levels. While agricultural output growth positively correlates with farmer income, different sectors contribute differently to income growth. Drawing on these findings, the study proposes policy recommendations: further optimization of the agricultural industrial structure, strengthening the development of distinctive and advantageous industries, and improving agricultural industrial and value chains to provide institutional safeguards for sustained farmer income growth. Moving forward, China’s agriculture must further advance industrial restructuring, technological innovation, and green development to achieve high-quality and sustainable development.