基于走航监测的2025年奉贤区大气污染物VOCs污染特征分析

Analysis of VOCs Pollution Characteristics Based on Navigation Monitoring in Fengxian District in 2025

摘要: 为掌握上海市奉贤区不同类型功能区大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染特征，推进区域臭氧污染精准防控，于2025年4月~9月利用搭载SPI-MS2000在线飞行时间质谱系统的走航监测车，对杨王工业园、上海工业综合开发区及奉贤新城国控点周边开展了为期6个月、共21次有效走航监测。结果表明：杨王工业园和上海工业综合开发区的VOCs平均浓度分别为142.0 μg/m³和123.7 μg/m³，奉贤新城国控点周边平均浓度为128.6 μg/m³；VOCs主要组分以卤代烃和烷烃为主导，其余依次为芳香烃、烯烃、含氧含氮有机物和有机硫；臭氧生成潜势(OFP)分析显示，丁烯、戊烯、三甲苯为三个园区共同的关键活性物种，其中丁烯在各园区OFP贡献率均超过16%，是首要管控物种；杨王工业园芳香烃OFP贡献突出。三个园区苯/甲苯特征比值介于0.18~0.27之间，均低于0.5阈值，表明VOCs排放以工业溶剂挥发与涂料使用为主要驱动因素。监测结果可为生态环境单位加强对周边园区企业有关油气泄漏、露天喷漆、原辅料仓库露天存放以及废气处理设施不规范、移动源排放等问题的排查和整改提供决策依据。

Abstract: To investigate VOCs pollution characteristics across different functional zones in Fengxian District, Shanghai and to support precise ozone pollution control, mobile monitoring was carried out from April to September 2025 using a navigation vehicle equipped with the SPI-MS2000 online time-of-flight mass spectrometry system. Yangwang Industrial Park, Shanghai Industrial Comprehensive Development Zone and the area surrounding the national air quality monitoring station in Fengxian New City were selected as target sites, and 21 effective navigation surveys were completed over the six-month period. The results show that the average VOCs concentrations at Yangwang Industrial Park and Shanghai Industrial Comprehensive Development Zone were 142.0 μg/m³ and 123.7 μg/m³ respectively, while the value around the national monitoring station in Fengxian New City was 128.6 μg/m³. Halogenated hydrocarbons and alkanes were the dominant components of VOCs, followed by aromatics, alkenes, oxygenated and nitrogenated compounds, and organic sulfur. Ozone formation potential (OFP) analysis identified butene, pentene and trimethylbenzene as the key reactive species shared by all three sites, among which butene contributed more than 16% of total OFP at each site and stood out as the primary control target; the aromatic OFP contribution was particularly prominent at Yangwang Industrial Park. The benzene/toluene ratios at the three sites ranged from 0.18 to 0.27, all falling below the 0.5 threshold, indicating that industrial solvent evaporation and coating use were the main drivers of VOCs emissions. The monitoring results can provide decision-making support for ecological and environmental authorities to strengthen investigations into problems such as oil and gas leakage, open-air paint spraying without treatment facilities, outdoor storage of raw and auxiliary materials, mobile vehicle emission and substandard operation of exhaust gas treatment systems in surrounding enterprises, and to promote targeted rectification.