湖北省主要河流生态流量保障程度评估

Study on Ecological Flow Guarantees in the Water Networks of Hubei

摘要: 生态流量保障程度是河湖生态健康的关键指标。本研究以湖北省19条主要河流36个控制断面为对象，采用QP法与Tennant法计算生态基流，并结合长序列日径流数据评估各断面枯水期与汛期的日保障率。结果表明：长江、汉江干流保障率总体较高(>90%)；府澴河、东荆河、汉北河等部分断面保障率低于60%，最低仅7%。农业灌溉、水库群拦截、缺乏生态泄放设施是主因。研究提出了水资源配置、生态水网构建、闸坝联合调度等对策，可为省级水网生态流量管理提供科学依据。

Abstract: The degree of ecological flow guarantee is a key indicator for assessing the health of river ecosystems. The study selected 36 control sections across 19 rivers of Hubei Province, and use the QP method (P = 90%) and the Tennant method, combination with the requirements of the Action Plan for the Yangtze River Protection and Restoration Campaign, to determine the ecological baseflow thresholds for each section. Based on long-term daily runoff data, the daily guarantee rates for dry seasons (November to April) and flood seasons (May to October) were calculated. The results show that the guarantee rates for the main stems of the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River are generally high (>90%). For several sections of the Fuher, Dongjinghe, and Hanbeihe, the guarantee rates are below 60%, the lowest being only 7% (Jingtan section). The main causes include agricultural water use encroachment, reservoir interception, and a lack of ecological flow release facilities. Corresponding countermeasures, including optimized water resource allocation, ecological water network construction, and coordinated sluice and dam operation, are proposed to support refined ecological flow management in provincial water networks.