乡村中小学生科学家精神培育的需求诊断与应对策略初探——基于昆明理工大学研学营的实证分析

A Preliminary Study on the Demand Diagnosis and Response Strategies for Cultivating the Scientists’ Spirit among Rural Primary and Secondary School Students—An Empirical Analysis Based on the Study Camp of Kunming University of Science and Technology

摘要: 乡村中小学生科学家精神培育是落实立德树人根本任务、服务科技强国与乡村振兴战略的基础性工程。本研究基于昆明理工大学“智启未来 筑梦乡村”研学营的实证探索，针对认知发展阶梯缺失、城乡科学教育资源失衡、一体化协同机制不健全等现实困境，从学段衔接、资源供给、协同育人三个维度构建应对策略，聚焦构建适配乡村场景、衔接认知规律、联动多方主体的培育体系。通过让学生在“做中学”“练中悟”中感知科学魅力、厚植家国情怀，深化对科学家精神核心内涵的理解，强化服务家乡、报效国家的责任担当，最终达成乡村中小学生认知进阶、情感共鸣、行为转化相统一的培育目标。

Abstract: Cultivating the scientists’ spirit among rural primary and secondary school students is a foundational undertaking for fulfilling the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing talent, as well as for serving the strategies of strengthening the country through science and technology and revitalizing the countryside. Based on an empirical exploration of the “Enlightening the Future, Building Dreams for Rural Areas” study camp conducted by Kunming University of Science and Technology, this study addresses practical dilemmas such as the lack of a stepped cognitive development pathway, the imbalance between urban and rural scientific education resources, and the inadequacy of integrated collaborative mechanisms. It constructs response strategies from three dimensions: articulation between educational stages, resource provision, and collaborative nurturing, focusing on establishing a cultivation system that is tailored to rural contexts, aligned with cognitive development laws, and linked with multiple stakeholders. By enabling students to perceive the allure of science and cultivate a sense of patriotism through “learning by doing” and “gaining insight through practice”, this study deepens their understanding of the core connotations of the scientists’ spirit and strengthens their sense of responsibility to serve their hometowns and contribute to the nation. Ultimately, it aims to achieve an integrated cultivation goal that unifies cognitive progression, emotional resonance, and behavioral transformation among rural primary and secondary school students.