零信任技术在高等院校中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on the Application of Zero Trust Technology in Higher Education Institutions

摘要: 随着高等教育数字化转型的持续深化，云计算、移动办公与物联网技术的普及使得高校网络边界日趋模糊，传统基于物理边界的静态防护体系已难以适配开放多元的校园网络环境，更无法应对高频化、复杂化的网络攻击威胁，教育行业已成为全球网络攻击的重点受害领域，零信任安全范式为破解高校网络安全困境提供了核心解决方案。本文系统梳理了零信任技术的理论演进、核心原则与架构体系，结合高等院校的网络安全特性与场景化需求，全面解析了零信任技术在高校领域的全球应用进展、典型落地场景与国内外标杆实践案例，深入剖析了当前高校零信任建设的核心瓶颈与挑战。

Abstract: With the continuous deepening of the digital transformation of higher education, the popularization of cloud computing, mobile office and Internet of Things technologies has made the network perimeter of universities increasingly blurred. The traditional static protection system based on physical perimeter can no longer adapt to the open and diversified campus network environment, let alone cope with the high-frequency and sophisticated cyber attack threats. As a result, the education sector has become a key victim of global cyber attacks, while the Zero Trust security paradigm provides a core solution to address the cybersecurity dilemma of colleges and universities. This paper systematically sorts out the theoretical evolution, core principles and architecture system of Zero Trust technology. Combined with the cybersecurity characteristics and scenario-based requirements of higher education institutions, it comprehensively analyzes the global application progress, typical implementation scenarios, and domestic and international benchmark practice cases of Zero Trust technology in the higher education field, and deeply dissects the core bottlenecks and challenges of current Zero Trust construction in colleges and universities.