政企协同视域下公路水运工程智慧检测多级联动机制研究

Research on the Multi-Level Linkage Mechanism of Intelligent Testing in Highway and Waterway Engineering from the Perspective of Government-Enterprise Collaboration

摘要: 破解公路水运工程质量检测中的“委托–代理”困境，消除政企信息不对称与科层制监管滞后，是提升数字时代交通基础设施治理效能的关键。本文引入委托代理与协同治理理论，以某省级智慧检测云平台为案例，构建了涵盖源头数据穿透、敏捷纠偏响应与数字信用激励的多级联动理论框架，并利用平台运行大数据进行了实证检验。研究发现：依托物联网的数据直采直报机制有效剥夺了篡改数据的物理条件，从源头破除了信息孤岛；跨越科层的预警智能路由机制将隐患响应周期大幅压缩，实现了质量监管的在线协同闭环；同时，动态信用画像重塑了代理人的收益预期，遏制了机会主义行为并化解了逆向选择风险。智慧检测多级联动机制通过重塑政企间的信息流向与博弈结构，实现了工程质量从单向被动管控向多方协同共治的范式跃升，为大型基础设施监管的数字化转型提供了理论与实践样板。

Abstract: Breaking the “principal-agent” dilemma in the quality testing of highway and waterway engineering, and eliminating information asymmetry and bureaucratic regulatory lag, are crucial for enhancing the governance efficacy of transportation infrastructure in the digital age. Drawing on the Principal-Agent Theory and Collaborative Governance Theory, this paper takes a provincial intelligent testing cloud platform as an empirical case to construct a multi-level linkage theoretical framework encompassing source data penetration, agile rectification response, and digital credit incentives. The framework is then empirically tested using the platform’s operational big data. The findings reveal that the Internet of Things (IoT)-based direct data reporting mechanism deprives agents of the physical conditions for data tampering, thereby dismantling information silos at the source. Moreover, the early-warning intelligent routing mechanism, which transcends bureaucratic boundaries, significantly compresses the hazard response cycle, achieving an online collaborative closed-loop in quality supervision. Simultaneously, dynamic credit profiling effectively reshapes the agents’ payoff expectations, curbing opportunistic behaviors and mitigating the risk of adverse selection. By reshaping the information flow and game structure between the government and enterprises, the multi-level linkage mechanism of intelligent testing facilitates a paradigm shift from top-down unilateral control to multi-party collaborative governance, providing a vital theoretical and practical paradigm for the digital transformation of large-scale infrastructure supervision.