公共交通公示语汉英翻译研究——基于多城市实例的错误分析与策略优化

Research on Chinese-English Translation of Public Transport Announcements—Error Analysis and Strategy Optimization Based on Multi-City Examples

摘要: 公共交通的标识与公告，是在交通枢纽中传递方向指示、注意事项、安全警示和规则限制的主要方式，它不仅反映了城市的国际化程度和文明形象，也承担着城市对外展示形象的“第一窗口”作用。本文结合国内多城市公共交通场所实地与线上调研数据，系统梳理当前汉英双语公示语翻译中存在的词语使用、语法应用、机械翻译、译文形式及语用表达等典型问题，依托语用等效理论、功能目的论等翻译理论，提出针对性规范策略。研究发现，当前翻译错误主要源于语言基础薄弱、跨文化意识缺失及标准执行不力等因素。研究旨在通过优化公示语英译质量，为海外受众提供精准信息指引，助力城市国际化形象建设。

Abstract: Public transport signs, as the core carrier for conveying instructions, reminders, warnings, and restriction information within transport hubs, are a vital reflection of a city’s internationalization level and civilized demeanor, and serve as the city’s “first face” in external communication. Based on field and online research data from public transport venues in multiple domestic cities, this paper systematically examines typical issues in current Chinese-English bilingual sign translation, including word usage, grammar application, mechanical translation, translation format, and pragmatic expression. Drawing on translation theories such as pragmatic equivalence theory and Skopos theory, it proposes targeted standardization strategies. The study finds that current translation errors primarily stem from weak language foundations, a lack of cross-cultural awareness, and inadequate implementation of standards. The research aims to optimize the quality of English translations for public signs, providing accurate information guidance for overseas audiences and contributing to the construction of a city’s international image.