《礼记》“大同”理念与现代养老福利体系建构：基于人口老龄化背景的传承与启示

The “Great Harmony” Concept in The Book of Rites and the Construction of Modern Pension Welfare System: Inheritance and Implications Based on the Background of Population Aging

摘要: 本文探讨了如何在人口老龄化背景下，借鉴《礼记》“大同”理念构建中国特色养老福利体系。研究梳理了“大同”思想“老有所终、皆有所养”的核心内涵及其普惠、共济的价值内核。针对当前养老体系存在的责任失衡、服务错配、精神赡养缺失等困境，从价值、责任、制度三个维度，论证“大同”理念在重塑人文伦理、明晰多元共担、指引制度整合等方面的现代启示。最终提出以理念重塑为先导，构建国家、社区、家庭多元协同，兼具普惠公平与文化温度的新型养老福利体系的具体路径。

Abstract: This paper explores how to draw on the “Great Harmony” concept in The Book of Rites to construct a Chinese pension welfare system in the context of population aging. The study reviews the core connotation of the “Great Harmony” thought, which is “the elderly are provided for until the end of their lives and everyone is cared for”, as well as its value core of universal benefit and mutual assistance. In response to the current predicaments in the pension system, such as imbalanced responsibilities, mismatched services, and the lack of spiritual support, the paper argues from the dimensions of value, responsibility, and system about the modern implications of the “Great Harmony” concept in reshaping humanistic ethics, clarifying multi-party responsibility sharing, and guiding system integration. Finally, it proposes a specific path to build a new type of pension welfare system that is characterized by multi-party collaboration at the national, community, and family levels, and is both universally fair and culturally warm, with the reformation of concepts as the forerunner.