老龄化背景下医养结合服务的地方实践与优化路径——以贵阳市为例

Local Practice and Optimization Path of Integrated Medical and Elderly Care Services under the Background of Aging—A Case Study of Guiyang City

摘要: 目的：系统梳理贵阳市医养结合服务体系建设的地方实践，为西部地区医养结合服务发展提供参考。方法：采用文献研究法，系统收集贵阳市医养结合相关政策与实践资料，运用归纳分析法对服务模式、现实挑战及优化路径进行综合研究。结果：贵阳市已形成机构融合、社区嵌入、居家上门、智慧赋能四种医养结合服务模式。然而，服务仍面临专业人才短缺、支付保障机制不健全、城乡资源分布不均、部门协同不畅等现实问题。结论：贵阳市医养结合服务已形成多元化供给格局，但服务供给质量、政策协同效率、专业人才储备等方面仍有提升空间，建议从健全政策保障体系、完善人才培养机制、推动智慧技术深度应用、构建分层分类服务网络等方面加以优化。

Abstract: Objective: To systematically review the local practice of integrated medical and elderly care service system construction in Guiyang City, and to provide references for the development of integrated medical and elderly care services in western regions of China. Methods: Using the literature research method, this study systematically collects policies and practice data related to integrated medical and elderly care services in Guiyang City. It applies inductive analysis to comprehensively examine service models, practical challenges, and optimization pathways. Results: Guiyang has developed four models of integrated medical and elderly care services: institutional integration, community embedding, home-based services, and smart empowerment. However, the services still face practical challenges such as shortages of professional personnel, inadequate payment guarantee mechanisms, uneven distribution of resources between urban and rural areas, and insufficient inter-departmental coordination. Conclusion: Guiyang has formed a diversified supply pattern of integrated medical and elderly care services, yet there remains room for improvement in service supply quality, policy coordination efficiency, and professional talent reserves. It is recommended to optimize the system by improving the policy guarantee framework, enhancing the talent cultivation mechanism, promoting the in-depth application of smart technologies, and building a hierarchical and categorized service network.