正畸视角下的下颌后缩型OSA诊疗 进展与决策
Orthodontic Perspectives on the Diagnosis, Treatment and Decision-Making of Mandibular Retrognathia-Type Obstructive Sleep Apnea
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1662478, PDF,   
作者: 黄卓尔：杭州师范大学附属医院临床医学院、口腔医学院，浙江 杭州；胡济安*：浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院病理科，浙江 杭州
关键词: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停；下颌后缩；正畸疗法；临床决策；Obstructive Sleep Apnea； Mandibular Retrognathia； Orthodontic Therapy； Clinical Decision-Making
摘要: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)以睡眠期上气道反复塌陷为特征，下颌后缩是其重要危险因素。持续气道正压通气(CPAP)虽为治疗金标准，但患者依从性较差，推动了口腔正畸治疗的发展。本文从正畸医生视角出发，综述下颌后缩型OSA的颅面解剖特征、筛查诊断方法。通过比较各正畸疗法疗效差异，总结出一套基于正畸视角的下颌后缩型OSA临床治疗决策流程，为OSA的多学科管理提供参考。目前，儿童OSA正畸干预的证据仍不充分，各疗法疗效差异尚缺乏多中心随机对照试验验证。
Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep, with mandibular retrognathia being a significant risk factor. Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains the gold standard treatment, poor patient adherence has driven the development of orthodontic therapies. From the orthodontist’s perspective, this article reviews the craniofacial anatomical characteristics, screening and diagnostic approaches for mandibular retrognathia-type OSA. By comparing the efficacy of different orthodontic treatment modalities, we summarize a clinical decision-making pathway for mandibular retrognathia-type OSA based on an orthodontic standpoint, aiming to provide a reference for multidisciplinary management of OSA. Currently, evidence for orthodontic intervention in pediatric OSA remains insufficient, and the differences in therapeutic efficacy among various modalities are yet to be validated by multicenter randomized controlled trials.
文章引用：黄卓尔, 胡济安. 正畸视角下的下颌后缩型OSA诊疗 进展与决策[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(6): 2555-2564. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1662478

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