基于STEAM理念的“1 + N + X”创客工作坊构建与实践研究

Research on the Construction and Practice of the “1 + N + X” Maker Workshop Based on the STEAM Concept

摘要: 目的：为满足新工科、新医科建设对跨学科复合型人才的迫切需求，探索高校创新创业教育改革的实践路径。解决高校创新创业教育中存在的理论与实践脱节、跨学科平台缺失及课程体系单一等问题。方法：以STEAM教育理念为指引，构建并实施“1 + N + X”创客工作坊模式。该模式以“1”个核心主体(护康学院)为枢纽，融合“N”个学院(机械、人工智能等)的跨学科资源，输出“X”个跨学科课程群与创新项目，并通过设计思维方法论贯穿教学过程。结果：该模式有效破解了学科壁垒、资源孤岛等难题，形成“临床需求–医工协同–产业转化”的创新闭环。实践期内，学生创新成果数量与质量显著提升，获省级以上奖项增长30%。结论：“1 + N + X”创客工作坊是高校主动对接国家战略、推动产学研用深度融合的有效载体。它通过构建跨学科创新共同体，不仅培养学生的创新素养与实践能力，也为新时代背景下高等教育改革提供可复制、可推广的实践范式。

Abstract: Objective: In order to meet the urgent demand for interdisciplinary and compound talents in the construction of new engineering and new medical disciplines, this study explores practical pathways for reforming innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities. It aims to address problems in university innovation and entrepreneurship education, such as the disconnect between theory and practice, the lack of interdisciplinary platforms, and the singularity of course systems. Methods: Guided by the STEAM education concept, a “1 + N + X” maker workshop model was constructed and implemented. This model uses one core entity (School of Nursing and Rehabilitation) as a hub, integrates interdisciplinary resources from N colleges (such as Mechanical and Artificial Intelligence), outputs X interdisciplinary course clusters and innovation projects, and embeds design thinking methodology throughout the teaching process. Results: This model effectively overcomes barriers between disciplines and resource silos, forming an innovative closed loop of “clinical needs-medical-engineering collaboration-industrial transformation”. During the practice period, both the quantity and quality of student innovation achievements significantly improved, with awards at the provincial level or above increasing by 30%. Conclusion: The “1 + N + X” maker workshop is an effective platform for universities to actively align with national strategies and promote deep integration of industry, university, research and application. By constructing an interdisciplinary innovation community, it not only cultivates students’ innovation literacy and practical abilities but also provides a replicable and scalable practical model for higher education reform in the new era.