人工智能与马克思主义生产方式的变革

The Transformation of the Mode of Production in Artificial Intelligence and Marxism

摘要: 自20世纪以来，人工智能对人类社会产生了深远影响。从马克思主义哲学的视角审视，人工智能既是生产力革命的标志性成果，也在资本主义条件下加剧了劳动异化、技术垄断与结构性失业等矛盾。本文基于历史唯物主义的基本框架，分析人工智能对劳动工具、劳动力角色及生产关系的重塑，比较社会主义与资本主义两种制度下智能化转型的不同路径。研究认为，智能生产力的解放潜力只有在打破资本逻辑，使技术服务于人的全面自由发展的前提下才能真正实现。在社会主义现代化进程中，制度创新的关键作用在于引导人工智能从服务于资本增殖转向支持劳动时间的缩短与人的全面发展，这一转型的实现程度取决于治理机制与技术路线的协同演化。

Abstract: Since the 20th century, artificial intelligence has had a profound impact on human society. From the perspective of Marxist philosophy, AI is not only a landmark achievement of the productive forces revolution but also exacerbates contradictions such as labor alienation, technological monopoly, and structural unemployment under capitalist conditions. Based on the basic framework of historical materialism, this paper analyzes the reshaping of labor tools, labor roles, and production relations by AI, and compares the different paths of intelligent transformation under socialist and capitalist systems. The study argues that the emancipatory potential of intelligent productive forces can only be truly realized by breaking the logic of capital and making technology serve the comprehensive and free development of human beings. In the process of socialist modernization, institutional innovation should guide artificial intelligence from a tool of capital accumulation to a condition of human emancipation.