增强硅灰石风化对两种酸性红壤固碳效应及养分有效性的影响

Effects of Enhanced Wollastonite Weathering on Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Availability in Two Acidic Red Soils

摘要: 为了明确硅灰石粉末施用对两种不同类型酸性红壤(山原红壤与耕作土)改良效果、养分有效性及碳固存能力的影响。本文设置不施硅灰石(CK)，低施用量(5 kg/m²)和高施用量(10 kg/m²) 3个处理开展盆栽实验，实验结束后测定土壤化学指标及碳指标。结果表明：1) 低施用量下土壤总碳(TC)减少，高施用量下增加；土壤无机碳(TIC)随施用量增加显著提升。2) 土壤pH显著提高，提升幅度随施用量增加而增大。3) 山原红壤中Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺含量减少；耕作土中，低施用量使Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺增加，高施用量使二者分别减少。4) 山原红壤中AP和$N{O}_3^{-}$ 增加；耕作土中，低施用量使AP增加但$N{O}_3^{-}$ 减少，高施用量使AP减少但$N{O}_3^{-}$ 增加。因此，施用硅灰石能显著提升酸性红壤pH，促进无机碳积累，表现出良好的固碳潜力。推广应用增强硅灰石风化技术的需根据土壤类型和酸化程度优化施用量。

Abstract: To clarify the effects of wollastonite powder application on the improvement, nutrient availability, and carbon sequestration capacity of two different types of acidic red soils (plateau red soils and cultivated soils). This study established three treatments: no wollastonite application (CK), low application rate (5 kg/m²), and high application rate (10 kg/m²) to conduct pot experiments. Soil chemical and carbon indicators were measured after the experiment. The results showed that: 1) Under low application rate, TC decreased, while it increased under high application rate; TIC significantly increased with increasing application rate. 2) Soil pH was significantly improved, with the magnitude of improvement increasing with application rate. 3) In plateau red soils, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ contents decreased; in cultivated soils, low application rate increased Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, while high application rate decreased both. 4) In plateau red soils, AP and $N{O}_3^{-}$ increased; in cultivated soils, low application rate increased AP but decreased $N{O}_3^{-}$ , while high application rate decreased AP but increased $N{O}_3^{-}$ . Therefore, wollastonite application can significantly improve the pH of acidic red soils, promote inorganic carbon accumulation, and demonstrate good carbon sequestration potential. The promotion and application of enhanced wollastonite weathering technology requires optimization of application rates based on soil type and acidification degree.