过敏性鼻炎与哮喘共病机制及治疗策略的 研究进展

Research Progress on Comorbidity Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma

摘要: 过敏性鼻炎(AR)与哮喘(AS)作为常见的呼吸道疾病，常合并存在，严重影响患者生活质量。两者共病现象在临床中极为普遍，且相互影响，加重病情。本文旨在对过敏性鼻炎与哮喘的共病机制及治疗策略的最新研究进展进行综述，从遗传因素、免疫失衡、炎症介质释放、神经调节异常等方面进行探讨其共病机制，同时全面阐述当前针对该共病的治疗策略，包括药物治疗、免疫疗法、非药物治疗等，以提高两者共病的诊疗水平，改善患者预后。

Abstract: As prevalent respiratory diseases, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma (AS) frequently occur as comorbidities and severely impair patients’ quality of life. Clinically, their comorbidity is extremely common; the two conditions interact reciprocally and exacerbate disease progression. This review summarizes the latest research advances regarding the comorbidity mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of allergic rhinitis complicated with asthma. The comorbidity mechanisms are discussed from perspectives including genetic factors, immune imbalance, release of inflammatory mediators and abnormal neural regulation. Meanwhile, current therapeutic strategies for this comorbidity are comprehensively elaborated, covering pharmacotherapy, immunotherapy and non-pharmacological interventions, so as to elevate the diagnosis and treatment standard of the comorbidity and improve patient prognosis.