大中小学心理健康教育一体化建设的困境与路径研究

Research on the Dilemmas and Paths of Integrated Construction of Mental Health Education in Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Schools

摘要: 大中小学心理健康教育一体化建设是当前教育改革的重要议题，但长期存在“学段壁垒”与“碎片化”管理的结构性矛盾。本研究对大中小学心理健康教师进行半结构化访谈及对课程内容进行分析，揭示了一体化建设在管理体制、课程体系、师资队伍、服务管理四个维度的现实困境。在此基础上，提出大中小学心理健康教育一体化建设的五条突破路径：改进顶层设计与推动区域协同；调整课程教学，实现纵向衔接与横向融合；实施大学、政府、学校协同的“贯通式”师资培养；构建数据驱动的服务管理体系，加强家校社联动；借助数字智能技术提升一体化服务管理能力。

Abstract: The integrated construction of mental health education across primary, secondary, and tertiary levels is a crucial topic in current educational reforms, yet it faces structural contradictions such as “stage barriers” and “fragmented” management that have persisted for a long time. This study conducted semi-structured interviews with mental health teachers from primary, secondary, and tertiary levels and analyzed the course content, systematically revealing the practical dilemmas of integrated construction in four dimensions: management system, curriculum system, teaching staff, and service management. Based on this, five breakthrough paths for the integrated construction of mental health education across primary, secondary, and tertiary levels are proposed: improving top-level design and promoting regional collaboration; adjusting course teaching to achieve vertical connection and horizontal integration; implementing a “through-type” teacher training collaboration among universities, governments, and schools; constructing a data-driven service management system to strengthen home-school-community collaboration; and leveraging digital intelligent technology to enhance integrated service management capabilities.