人工智能应用于人口老龄化的社会审视与治理路径

Social Reflection and Governance Pathways of Artificial Intelligence in the Context of Population Aging

摘要: 中国正处于人口老龄化快速深化的关键时期，人工智能技术的迅猛发展为应对老龄化挑战提供了前所未有的技术工具——智能养老设备市场规模2025年已达约1841亿元，各类养老机器人和AI健康管理平台正加速走入养老场景。本文系统考察了人工智能应用于人口老龄化的现实图景，重点分析了技术应用带来的社会排斥、代际关系变化、老年群体内部分化以及社会公平等层面的问题，在此基础上，从技术适老化、制度普惠化、社区家庭协同等角度探讨了应对路径。研究认为，人工智能赋能养老的关键不在于技术有多先进，而在于技术能否真正融入老年人的社会生活，让老年人在技术浪潮中不被边缘化。

Abstract: China is currently in a critical phase of rapid and deepening population aging. The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has provided unprecedented technical tools to address the challenges of an aging population—the market size for smart elderly care devices reached approximately 184.1 billion yuan in 2025, and various types of elderly care robots and AI health management platforms are increasingly being integrated into elderly care settings. This paper systematically examines the current landscape of AI applications in the context of population aging, focusing on issues arising from technological adoption, such as social exclusion, shifts in intergenerational relationships, internal polarization within the elderly population, and social equity. Building on this analysis, it explores potential solutions from the perspectives of technology adaptation for the elderly, institutional inclusivity, and community-family collaboration. The study concludes that the key to AI-enabled elderly care lies not in the sophistication of the technology, but in whether it can truly integrate into the social lives of older adults, ensuring they are not marginalized by the technological tide.