算法推荐对未成年人权益侵害的法律规制研究

Legal Regulation of Infringements on Minors’ Rights and Interests Caused by Algorithmic Recommendation

摘要: 数字时代算法推荐技术广泛应用于未成年人网络场景，在提供便利的同时，其逐利性与黑箱特性也对未成年人身心健康权、个人信息权与发展权造成多重侵害。当前算法推荐侵害未成年人权益的风险，源于算法黑箱与技术中立性异化、平台责任虚化、多方治理协同不足，以及法律规制滞后、监管效能有限等问题。本文基于未成年人权益保护视角，分析风险生成逻辑，提出应确立算法透明度与未成年人影响评估制度，细化平台特殊保护义务，构建全生命周期动态监管机制，完善多方协同治理与侵权救济体系，以健全法律规制路径，强化数字时代未成年人网络权益保障。

Abstract: In the digital era, algorithmic recommendation technologies are widely applied in minors’ online scenarios. While bringing convenience, their profit-seeking nature and black-box characteristics have caused multiple infringements on minors’ rights to physical and mental health, personal information, and development. At present, the risks of rights infringements on minors arising from algorithmic recommendations stem from algorithm black boxes, alienation of technological neutrality, vague platform responsibilities, insufficient multi-stakeholder coordination, as well as inadequate legal regulation and low regulatory efficiency. From the perspective of protection of minors’ rights and interests, this paper analyzes the logic of risk generation, and proposes to establish the algorithm transparency and minors’ impact assessment system, refine the special protection obligations of platforms, build a dynamic supervision mechanism covering the whole life cycle, and improve the multi-stakeholder governance and tort relief system, so as to perfect the legal regulation path and strengthen the protection of minors’ online rights and interests in the digital age.