退货经济与可持续运营的转型

Return Economy and the Transformation of Sustainable Operations

摘要: 电子商务的蓬勃发展带来了退货率的持续攀升，退货管理正从边缘性的售后环节演变为影响企业盈利能力和环境绩效的战略性议题。本文基于对退货经济兴起背景的剖析，系统探讨了退货的经济成本与环境代价的双重属性，深入分析了退货欺诈的技术治理路径，考察了“保留退款”等商业模式创新对传统退货流程的重构效应。退货运费险的战略决策受平台竞合结构的深刻影响，未来退货管理应从“被动应对”走向“主动设计”，实现经济价值与环境价值的协同创造。

Abstract: The rapid development of e-commerce has led to a continuous rise in return rates, transforming return management from a peripheral after-sales function into a strategic issue that affects both corporate profitability and environmental performance. This paper systematically examines the dual attributes of the economic costs and environmental burdens associated with product returns, grounded in an analysis of the contextual background that gave rise to the return economy. It delves into technological approaches for governing return fraud and investigates how business model innovations—such as “Keep It Refund”—are reshaping traditional return processes. The strategic decision-making surrounding return freight insurance is profoundly influenced by the competitive and cooperative structures of e-commerce platforms. The paper concludes that future return management should shift from a reactive approach to proactive design, aiming to achieve the synergistic creation of economic value and environmental benefits.