多元化健康教育联合心理支持干预对老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理能力的影响

The Impact of Diversified Health Education Combined with Psychological Support Intervention on Self-Management Ability in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

摘要: 目的：分析多元化健康教育结合心理支持干预方式给老年慢性心力衰竭CHF患者自我管理能力、生活质量带来的影响。方法：本文纳入2025年1月至2026年3月期间我院老年医学科收治的42例老年慢性心力衰竭患者，运用随机数字表法将患者均分为观察组和对照组，每组21例。对照组进行常规护理，观察组在常规护理上实施3个月的多元化健康教育结合心理支持的综合干预方案。本文主要对两组患者干预前后自我管理能力评分、明尼苏达心衰生活质量量表评分和6分钟步行测试结果进行比较。结果：干预后观察组患者在自我管理能力各项指标上都明显好于对照组(P < 0.05)；观察组MLHFQ评分显著低于对照组，6MWD显著长于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论：多元化的健康教育结合心理支持干预可以有效提高老年慢性心力衰竭患者的自我管理能力，改善患者的生活质量、运动耐量，在具备基本护理条件的医疗机构(包括基层医院)具有一定的推广价值。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the impact of diversified health education combined with psychological support interventions on the self-management ability and quality of life of elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: A total of 42 elderly CHF patients admitted to the geriatric medicine department of our hospital from January 2025 to March 2026 were included. The patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group (21 cases each) using a random number table. The control group received routine care, while the observation group underwent a comprehensive intervention program combining diversified health education and psychological support for 3 months. The study primarily compared the self-management ability scores, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scores, and 6-minute walk test results before and after the intervention between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the observation group showed significantly better self-management ability in all indicators compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The MLHFQ score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) was significantly longer (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Diversified health education combined with psychological support interventions can effectively improve the self-management ability of elderly CHF patients, enhance their quality of life and exercise tolerance, and holds certain promotion value in medical institutions with basic nursing conditions (including primary hospitals).