幼女阴道内异物临床诊治分析(附1例报告及 文献复习)

Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Analysis of Vaginal Foreign Bodies in Young Girls (With a Case Report and Literature Review)

摘要: 幼女阴道内异物是儿科妇科常见的生殖道急症，多见于3~12岁女童，主要临床表现为反复阴道分泌物异常、异味及阴道出血，需与外阴阴道炎、阴道横隔、阴道肿瘤等疾病相鉴别。手术是目前主要的治疗方式。本文报道1例11岁幼女阴道内异物病例，患者因“阴道分泌物有异味6月，阴道内异物置入3月”就诊，妇科B超及盆腔MRI提示阴道内异物伴积液，于全身麻醉下行宫腔镜检查 + 阴道内异物取出术，术中见塑料瓶盖异物与阴道壁粘连，完整取出异物后予抗感染及局部护理治疗，术后随访恢复良好，无并发症发生。本文同时详细描述了心理干预、手术器械选择的技术考量、大型异物伴致密粘连的处理策略，并提出了针对性的预防措施与公共卫生建议。

Abstract: Vaginal foreign bodies are common acute gynecological diseases in pediatric and adolescent gynecology, mostly seen in girls aged 3 to 12 years. The main clinical manifestations are recurrent abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, and vaginal bleeding, which need to be differentiated from vulvovaginitis, vaginal septum, vaginal tumors and other diseases. Surgery is the main treatment method. This paper reports a case of an 11-year-old girl with a vaginal foreign body. The patient was admitted with a 6-month history of malodorous vaginal discharge and a 3-month history of vaginal foreign body. Gynecological ultrasound and pelvic MRI suggested a vaginal foreign body with effusion. Hysteroscopy and vaginal foreign body removal were performed under general anesthesia. A plastic bottle cap foreign body adhered to the vaginal wall was found and completely removed. Anti-infective and local care treatments were given after surgery. Postoperative follow-up showed good recovery without complications. This article also describes in detail the psychological intervention, technical considerations for instrument selection, management strategies for large foreign bodies with dense adhesions, and proposes targeted preventive measures and public health recommendations.