海纹石的宝石学特征及致色机理研究
Study on the Gemological Characteristics and Color-Causing Mechanism of Larimar
DOI: 10.12677/me.2026.144091, PDF,   
作者: 张 曼：桂林理工大学地球科学学院，广西 桂林
关键词: 海纹石；致色机理；宝石学特征；颜色；Larimar； Color-Causing Mechanism； Gemological Characteristics； Color
摘要: 海纹石是一种仅产于多米尼加的稀有宝石，属于含铜的针钠钙石，其外观以蓝色与白色交织而成的典型“龟背纹”为特征，颜色主要呈现为天蓝色、浅蓝色、蓝绿色及乳白色。为探究其宝石学特征及致色机理，文章综合采用常规宝石学仪器及大型测试设备(包括紫外–可见分光光度计、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱仪、X射线荧光光谱仪及激光拉曼光谱仪)进行分析。结果表明：海纹石的颜色主要受铜离子控制，其浓度直接决定了蓝色调的深浅；铁离子影响蓝色的呈现，钒离子主导绿色色调，而蓝绿色调则是由铜离子与钒离子共同作用所致；此外，锰离子对海纹石颜色也有一定贡献。
Abstract: Larimar is a rare gemstone exclusively mined in the Dominican Republic. It is a copper-bearing variety of pectolite, typically characterized by a distinctive “tortoiseshell” pattern composed of alternating blue and white bands, with colors ranging from sky blue and light blue to bluish-green and milky white. To investigate its gemmological characteristics and color genesis, this study employed conventional gemological testing together with advanced analytical techniques, including ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, and laser Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the color of larimar is primarily controlled by copper ions (Cu2+), whose concentration directly determines the intensity of the blue hue. Iron ions (Fe3+) influence the blue coloration, while vanadium ions (V4+/V5+) are mainly responsible for the greenish tint. The bluish-green color results from the combined effect of copper and vanadium ions. In addition, manganese ions (Mn2+) also contribute to the coloration of larimar.
文章引用：张曼. 海纹石的宝石学特征及致色机理研究[J]. 矿山工程, 2026, 14(4): 921-929. https://doi.org/10.12677/me.2026.144091

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