基于AHP-熵权组合模型的矿井地质构造复杂程度定量评价

Quantitative Evaluation of Mine Geological Structural Complexity Based on an AHP-Entropy Weight Combination Model

摘要: 矿井地质构造的复杂程度直接影响工作面合理布置，并在断层等导水性异常构造存在时，增加矿井水害等灾害风险。为实现井田构造复杂程度的科学定量评价，在系统梳理井田地质条件的基础上，结合钻探和物探资料所揭示的构造发育规律，选取利用断煤交线通过滑动窗口法计算出的分维值、落差高度与断层发育长度计算得出的断层强度、单元格内断煤交线数量统计得出的断层密度及利用等高线计算出的褶曲平面变形系数作为四个主控因素，构建矿井地质构造复杂程度的定量评价体系。针对层次分析法(AHP)赋权主观性强的问题，引入客观赋权法–熵权法，采用AHP-熵权法结合丰富的专家主观经验权重与数据分析得出的客观权重，以此建立研究矿井定量评价模型，对构造复杂程度进行合理评价。模型将研究区复杂程度划分为由高到低的四个等级，为矿井高效安全生产提供科学依据。

Abstract: The complexity of mine geological structures directly influences the rational layout of working faces and, in the presence of water-conducting anomalies such as faults, increases the risk of disasters like mine water hazards. To achieve a scientifically quantitative evaluation of the structural complexity in the mining field, a quantitative evaluation system for mine geological structural complexity was constructed based on a systematic review of the mining field’s geological conditions, combined with the structural development patterns revealed by drilling and geophysical exploration data. Four primary controlling factors were selected: the fractal dimension value calculated using the slip line intersection via the sliding window method; fault strength calculated from throw height and fault development length; fault density obtained by statistically counting the number of slip line intersections within grid cells; and the fold plane deformation coefficient calculated from contour lines. To address the issue of strong subjectivity in weighting by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the objective weighting method + Entropy Weight Method (EWM) was introduced. A combination of AHP and EWM was employed, integrating the abundant subjective expert experience weights with objective weights derived from data analysis, thereby establishing a quantitative evaluation model for the study mine to reasonably assess the degree of structural complexity. The model divides the study area’s complexity into four levels, from high to low, providing a scientific basis for efficient and safe mine production.