数字化转型背景下企业人工智能应用的同群效应研究

Research on the Peer Effect of Corporate Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Context of Digital Transformation

摘要: 数字技术革命浪潮下，人工智能已成为企业重塑竞争优势、实现高质量发展的关键力量。本文以2011~2022年沪深A股上市公司为样本，考察企业人工智能应用的同群效应及其形成机制。研究结果表明：1) 企业人工智能应用存在显著的行业同群效应。2) 企业人工智能应用的同群效应既源于追随者企业向领导者企业的学习机制，也源于企业之间的相互竞争机制。3) 调节效应检验表明，企业数字化转型程度正向调节人工智能应用的同群效应。4) 异质性分析发现，在非国有企业以及高科技企业中，人工智能应用的同群效应更显著。上述发现深化了对数字化转型背景下企业技术采纳行为趋同现象的理解，为推进人工智能在产业层面的协同发展提供了参考。

Abstract: Amidst the wave of digital technology revolution, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a pivotal force for enterprises to reshape their competitive advantages and achieve high-quality development. This paper takes listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets from 2011 to 2022 as a sample to examine the peer effect of AI application in enterprises and its formation mechanism. The research findings indicate that: 1) there is a significant industry peer effect in AI application among enterprises. 2) The peer effect of AI application in enterprises stems from both the learning mechanism of follower enterprises from leader enterprises and the mutual competition mechanism among enterprises. 3) The moderating effect test indicates that the degree of digital transformation positively moderates the peer effect of AI application. 4) Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the peer effect of AI application is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises and high-tech enterprises. These findings enhance the comprehension of the convergence phenomenon observed in enterprises’ technology adoption behavior amid digital transformation and offer a valuable reference for facilitating the coordinated advancement of AI at the industrial level.