乡村振兴背景下农村银发康养经济的发展困境与赋能路径

Challenges and Empowerment Strategies for the Development of the Rural Silver Economy in the Context of Rural Revitalization

摘要: 在我国人口老龄化程度持续深化与乡村振兴战略全面推进的双重时代背景下，农村银发康养经济作为衔接养老保障与乡村产业发展的关键载体，其高质量发展兼具破解农村养老困境、激活乡村内生动力的双重价值。当前我国农村银发康养经济面临供需结构错配、核心要素供给不足、城乡资源分配失衡、市场发育不成熟等现实困境，深层受制于供需适配机制缺失、要素下乡壁垒、城乡二元结构约束及市场盈利逻辑薄弱等问题。基于积极老龄化、产业融合与乡村可持续发展理论，从空间重构、产业融合、服务升级、制度保障、主体协同五个维度构建赋能路径，旨在推动农村银发康养经济与乡村振兴同频共振，实现农村养老品质提升与乡村产业振兴的双向赋能。

Abstract: Against the dual backdrop of China’s deepening population aging and the comprehensive advancement of the rural revitalization strategy, the rural silver economy—as a key vehicle linking elderly care security with rural industrial development—holds dual significance: its high-quality development serves both to resolve challenges in rural elderly care and to stimulate the intrinsic dynamism of rural areas. Currently, China’s rural elderly health and wellness economy faces practical challenges such as mismatches in supply and demand structures, insufficient supply of core factors, imbalanced urban-rural resource allocation, and an immature market. These issues are deeply constrained by the absence of supply-demand matching mechanisms, barriers to the flow of factors into rural areas, the constraints of the urban-rural dual structure, and weak market profit logic. Based on theories of active aging, industrial integration, and rural sustainable development, this paper constructs an empowerment pathway across five dimensions—spatial restructuring, industrial integration, service upgrading, institutional safeguards, and stakeholder collaboration—aiming to promote synergy between the rural silver-haired health and wellness economy and rural revitalization, thereby achieving mutual empowerment for both improved rural elderly care quality and the revitalization of rural industries.