从“英雄主体”到“被动客体”：异化劳动与自我认同的消解

From “Hero Subject” to “Passive Object” Alienated Labor and the Dissolution of Self-Identity

摘要: 孙悟空作为中国文化符号的代表，其形象随着时代的变化有着不同的含义流变。从一开始的英雄本体“齐天大圣”，再到如今反讽意味深重的表情包“吗喽”，含义流变的背后反映的是一个时代主体精神图景的变迁。研究表明，在数字资本重构劳动形态的时代，劳动者与劳动产品的疏离、劳动者与劳动活动的异化、类本质的异化以及人际关系的异化，合力催生了“被动客体”的精神境况。从马克思异化劳动理论的角度来看，青年通过“吗喽”话语进行的自我客体化叙事，既是时代系统性异化的自我认同消解的产物，亦是对主流成功学的象征性反抗。

Abstract: As a representative cultural symbol of China, the image of Sun Wukong has undergone different semantic transformations with the changing times. From the original heroic embodiment “Great Sage Equal to Heaven” to today’s ironic meme “Malo”, the evolution of its meaning reflects the transformation of the eras core spiritual landscape. Research shows that in an age where digital capital reshapes labor forms, the alienation between workers and their products, the alienation from labor activities, the alienation of quasi-essence, and the alienation of interpersonal relationships collectively foster the spiritual condition of “passive objects”. From the perspective of Marxs theory of alienated labor, the self-objectification narratives young people engage in through “Malo” discourse are both a product of the dissolution of systematic self-identity in contemporary alienation and a symbolic resistance against mainstream success studies.