积极老龄化视角下社会工作介入老年友好型农村社区建设的路径研究

Research on the Path of Social Work Intervention in the Construction of Age-Friendly Rural Communities from the Perspective of Active Ageing

摘要: 在积极老龄化背景下，农村地区的养老服务是我国养老服务体系发展过程中不可或缺的部分。随着老龄化程度的加深，农村地区呈现出高龄化、空巢化、失能化叠加态势，家庭养老功能弱化、公共服务供给不足、社会支持网络断裂等问题日益凸显。传统养老模式难以有效回应农村老年人在健康照护、精神慰藉、社会参与等方面的多元需求，构建老年友好型农村社区成为破解农村养老困境、实现乡村振兴的关键路径。国家实施积极应对农村人口老龄化的国家战略，推进农村地区养老服务高质量发展，让全社会老年群体能够共享社会发展红利，实现老有所养、老有所得、老有所乐。文章旨在分析老年友好型农村社区建设，探讨借助社会工作力量推进农村养老服务发展的路径，以及探索社会工作介入农村社区养老服务的实现机制，以期实现农村居家养老服务的可持续发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of active ageing, elderly care services in rural areas constitute an indispensable component of China’s elderly care service system. As population ageing accelerates, rural China is confronted with overlapping challenges, including advanced ageing, empty-nest families, and rising disability among the elderly, accompanied by weakened family-based elderly care functions, inadequate supply of public services, and fractured social support networks. Conventional elderly care models can barely satisfy rural seniors’ diverse demands concerning health care, spiritual comfort, and social participation. Therefore, developing age-friendly rural communities has become a crucial approach to resolving rural elderly care predicaments and facilitating rural revitalization. China has rolled out a national strategy to proactively cope with rural population ageing and advance high-quality development of rural elderly care services, enabling senior citizens nationwide to share the fruits of social progress and enjoy secure livelihoods, proper employment, and fulfilling later lives. This study aims to analyze age-friendly rural community construction, explore pathways for advancing rural elderly care services through social work intervention, and examine the implementation mechanisms through which social work can engage with rural community-based elderly care services, with the goal of achieving sustainable development of home-based elderly care in rural areas.