数智赋能服务型制造模式创新的机理研究——基于海尔集团的案例分析

A Study on the Mechanism of Digital Intelligence-Enabled Service-Oriented Manufacturing Model Innovation—A Case Study Based on Haier Group

摘要: 在全球制造业数智化转型与服务型制造深度融合的背景下，企业如何通过数智技术驱动服务型制造模式创新，成为理论与实践亟待回答的关键问题。本文基于资源基础观与动态能力理论，构建“数智资源重构—动态能力升级—资源—能力适配—模式创新”的理论框架，并以海尔集团为典型案例，系统揭示数智赋能服务型制造模式创新的内在机理。研究发现：数智赋能并非技术简单叠加，而是企业通过数据、算法与平台资源的系统性重构，推动需求洞察、协同创新、服务运营等动态能力持续跃迁，并在“机会识别–交互开发–支持运维–价值实现”各阶段实现资源与能力的结构性、过程性与演进性适配，最终驱动服务型制造从“产品交付”向“场景解决方案”、从“线性价值链”向“平台生态网络”的根本转变。本研究从微观机理层面深化了数智赋能与服务型制造的理论对话，为企业推进数字化转型与商业模式创新提供了实践启示。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the deep integration of digital transformation and service-oriented manufacturing in the global manufacturing industry, how enterprises can drive innovation in service-oriented manufacturing models through digital technologies has become a key question that urgently needs to be answered in both theory and practice. This paper, based on the resource-based view and dynamic capability theory, constructs a theoretical framework of “digital resource reconstruction—dynamic capability upgrade—resource-capability adaptation—model innovation,” and uses Haier Group as a typical case to systematically reveal the intrinsic mechanism of digital empowerment in service-oriented manufacturing model innovation. The study finds that digital empowerment is not a simple superposition of technologies, but rather a systematic reconstruction of data, algorithms, and platform resources by enterprises to drive continuous leaps in dynamic capabilities such as demand insight, collaborative innovation, and service operation. This involves achieving structural, process-oriented, and evolutionary adaptation of resources and capabilities at each stage of “opportunity identification - interactive development - support operation and maintenance - value realization,” ultimately driving a fundamental shift in service-oriented manufacturing from “product delivery” to “scenario solutions,” and from a “linear value chain” to a “platform ecosystem network.” This research deepens the theoretical dialogue between digital empowerment and service-oriented manufacturing at the micro-mechanism level, providing practical insights for enterprises to promote digital transformation and business model innovation.