基于水量平衡模型的府澴河流域安隔区间径流还原研究

Research on Runoff Restoration in the Ange Interval of the Fu Huan River Basin Based on the Water Balance Model

摘要: 针对府澴河流域安陆水文站至隔蒲潭水文站区间长期存在的水量不平衡问题，本研究综合运用水文测验分析、用水调查、地下水动态及水量平衡模型等方法，系统诊断了水量不平衡的成因，并提出了一套有效的径流还原方案。研究首先通过水文测验精度分析和现场同步比测，验证了实测流量资料的可靠性，排除“地下漏斗”因素影响。其次，实地补充调查区间内取用水、引调水等数据，提升还原分项的完整性。利用Mann-Kendall检验和小波分析方法，构建了月尺度的区间水量平衡模型，采用遗传算法率定参数，对1980~2020年期间的径流进行还原，还原后的径流序列有效缓解了上下游“水量倒挂”现象，修正后的降雨径流关系线拟合效果良好。为府澴河流域以及类似地区解决水量不平衡问题提供了科学依据和技术参考。

Abstract: To address the long-standing issue of water quantity imbalance in the section between Anlu Hydrological Station and Geputan Hydrological Station in the Fu Huan River Basin, this study comprehensively employed hydrological measurement analysis, water use investigation, groundwater dynamics, and water balance models to systematically diagnose the causes of the imbalance and proposed an effective runoff restoration scheme. Firstly, the reliability of the measured flow data was verified through hydrological measurement accuracy analysis and on-site synchronous comparison tests, eliminating the influence of the “underground funnel” factor. Secondly, on-site supplementary investigations were conducted to collect data on water withdrawals, water diversion, and water transfer within the section, enhancing the completeness of the restoration items. The Mann-Kendall test and wavelet analysis methods were utilized to construct a monthly-scale water balance model for the section, and the parameters were calibrated using the genetic algorithm. The runoff from 1980 to 2020 was restored, and the restored runoff sequence effectively alleviated the “upstream-downstream water quantity inversion” phenomenon. The revised rainfall-runoff relationship line had a good fitting effect. This study provides a scientific basis and technical reference for solving water quantity imbalance issues in the Fu Huan River Basin and similar regions.