间充质干细胞及其外泌体在慢性呼吸系统疾病中的研究进展
Research Progress of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Exosomes in Chronic Respiratory Diseases
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1672620, PDF,   
作者: 刘 香：延安大学延安医学院，陕西 延安；杜延玲*：延安大学附属医院呼吸内科二病区，陕西 延安
关键词: 间充质干细胞；外泌体；慢性呼吸系统疾病；免疫调节；抗纤维化；Mesenchymal Stem Cells； Exosomes； Chronic Respiratory Diseases； Immunomodulation； Anti-Fibrosis
摘要: 慢性呼吸系统疾病(Chronic Respiratory Diseases, CRDs)主要包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病、支气管哮喘和肺纤维化等，其共同病理基础为持续性气道及肺组织炎症、不可逆结构重塑与进行性肺功能减退。现有临床治疗难以逆转气道重塑及疾病进展。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs)凭借免疫调节与多向分化潜能为CRDs治疗提供新思路，其来源的外泌体(MSCs-Exos)更因低免疫原性、高稳定性和可工程化修饰等优势，成为当前研究热点。本文系统梳理间充质干细胞及其外泌体的生物学特性与功能差异，并重点阐述其在慢性呼吸系统疾病中的机制与研究进展，以期为该领域研究提供参考。
Abstract: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) primarily include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. Their common pathological basis lies in persistent airway and lung tissue inflammation, irreversible structural remodeling, and progressive decline in pulmonary function. Current clinical treatments can hardly reverse airway remodeling and halt disease progression. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide novel insights for the treatment of CRDs owing to their immunomodulatory capabilities and multidirectional differentiation potential. Furthermore, MSC-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exos) have become a current research hotspot due to their advantages of low immunogenicity, high stability, and potential for engineering modifications. This article systematically reviews the biological characteristics and functional differences between MSCs and their exosomes, and highlights their mechanisms and research progress in chronic respiratory diseases, aiming to provide references for future research in this field.
文章引用：刘香, 杜延玲. 间充质干细胞及其外泌体在慢性呼吸系统疾病中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(7): 1071-1080. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1672620

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